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Journal Article

Citation

Tsutsumi A. Health evaluation and promotion 2016; 43(2): 313-319.

Vernacular Title

職場におけるメンタルヘルス不調のスクリーニング

Copyright

(Copyright © 2016, Japan Society of Health Education and Promotion)

DOI

10.7143/jhep.43.313

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

Major problems for conducting screening for mental disorders in the workplace include low screening efficiency and a lack of evidence on effectiveness. Segmentation of the target population and utilization of stratum-specific likelihood ratios (SSLRs) would be key efforts to solve these problems. Depressive disorder is a high-priority disorder for workplace screening because there is evidence that appropriate care would provide benefits for the workplace as well as the person with the disorder. Recently, autism spectrum disorders and adjustment disorders have been attracting attention as screening target disorders in the workplace. Autism spectrum disorders have been acknowledged as a more common disorder than previously recognized, and individuals with autism spectrum disorders are at a high risk of associated psychiatric disorders, particularly intractable depression. Adjustment disorder is also considered to be a common work-related mental health problem, and it is associated with long-term absence due to illness and disability. If stressful work environments are properly re-designed, the prognosis of adjustment disorders could be improved, and unnecessary absence due to illness and disability could be avoided as a result. Further research is necessary to establish the performance of a screening instrument such as SSLR and to test the effectiveness of workplace screening for mental disorders by taking into account the target disorders as well as the target population.

Copyright © 2016 Japan Society of Health Evaluation and Promotion

Language: ja

Vernacular Abstract

職場におけるメンタルヘルス不調のスクリーニングについては、スクリーニング効率がさほど高くないこと、スクリーニングの有効性を示すエビデンスが乏しいことに留意する必要がある。調査対象のセグメンテーションや層別尤度比の活用は、こういった課題解決のキーとなりうる。職場におけるスクリーニングの対象となる障害としては、頻度が多く、適切なケアによる対策の効果が、障害を有するケースと職場ともに認められているうつ病性障害の優先順位が高いが、最近は自閉症スペクトラム障害や適応障害なども注目されている。自閉症スペクトラム障害は、以前考えられていたよりも頻度が多く、職場不適応や難治性うつ病のハイリスク要因として認識されるようになっている。適応障害も長期の疾病休業の原因として職場でよく遭遇する、職業性要素の強いメンタルヘルス不調の一つである。適切な職場環境の調整により、不必要な休業や障害が取り除かれる可能性があり、スクリーニングを実施する価値がある。職場においては、層別尤度比などの検査特性を検討している研究は少なく、対象となる障害とともに、いかに実施すると効率的なスクリーニングができるかを含めた方法論に関する検証の蓄積が望まれる。

Copyright © 2016 一般社団法人 日本総合健診医学会

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