Citation

Gilbert P, McEwan K, Irons C, Bhundia R, Christie R, Broomhead C, Rockliff H. Br. J. Clin. Psychol. 2010; 49(Pt 4): 563-576.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2010, British Psychological Society)

DOI

10.1348/014466509X479771

PMID

20109278

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: This study explored the relationship of forms and functions of self-criticism, shame, and social rank variables to self-harm, depression, and anxiety.
DESIGN: The study used a questionnaire design.
METHOD: In-patients and day-patients (N=73) completed a series of questionnaires measuring self-harm, mood, self-criticism, shame, and social comparison.
RESULTS: Self-harm was significantly associated with forms and functions of self-criticism, shame, and feelings of inferiority (low social rank). The self-persecuting function of self-criticism was especially linked to self-harm, depression, and anxiety.
CONCLUSIONS: This study adds to a growing literature on the importance of recognizing the pathogenic effects of negative self-critical thoughts and feelings about the self and the value of distinguishing different types of self-criticism.

Language: en

Keywords

Humans; Cross-Sectional Studies; Adult; Aged; Female; Male; Middle Aged; Self Concept; Young Adult; Substance-Related Disorders; Comorbidity; Self-Injurious Behavior; Psychometrics; Personality Inventory; Anxiety Disorders; Personality Disorders; Shame; Alcoholism; Depressive Disorder; Bipolar Disorder; Phobic Disorders; Dominance-Subordination