Citation

Di Nicola M, Pepe M, Modica M, Lanzotti P, Panaccione I, Moccia L, Janiri L. Psychiatr. Clin. North Am. 2020; 43(1): 127-137.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2020, Elsevier Publishing)

DOI

10.1016/j.psc.2019.10.012

PMID

32008679

Abstract

Mixed affective states occur in approximately 40% of patients with mood disorders and are burdened with a significant rate of comorbidities, including addictive disorders (AD). The co-occurrence of mixed features and AD represents a challenge for clinicians because the reciprocal, negative influence of these conditions leads to a worse course of illness, treatment resistance, unfavorable outcome, and higher suicide risk. This article discusses clinical presentation, possible common pathogenetic pathways, and treatment options. Further investigations are required to clarify the determinants and the implications of this co-occurrence, and to detect suitable approaches in clinical management.

Language: en

Keywords

Humans; Mood Disorders; Substance-Related Disorders; Bipolar disorders; Bipolar Disorder; Behavior, Addictive; Mixed features; Addictive behaviors; Personalized medicine