Citation

Surace T, Capuzzi E, Caldiroli A, Ceresa A, Esposito CM, Auxilia AM, Tagliabue I, Capellazzi M, Legnani F, Di Paolo M, Cirella L, Zanelli Quarantini F, Signorelli MS, Aguglia E, Clerici M, Buoli M. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12(9).

Copyright

(Copyright © 2022, MDPI: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute)

DOI

10.3390/diagnostics12092215

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Bipolar Disorder (BD) is a disabling condition with suicidal behavior as one of the most common adverse outcomes. The purpose of the present research is to investigate the relationship between lifetime suicide attempts and the clinical factors/biochemical parameters in a large sample of bipolar patients.

METHODS: A total of 561 patients, consecutively hospitalized for BD in Milan and Monza (Italy), were recruited. Data about the demographic and clinical variables, as well as the values of blood analyses, were collected. The groups identified according to the presence/absence of lifetime suicide attempts were compared using univariate analyses. Then, three preliminary binary logistic regressions and a final logistic regression model were performed to identify the clinical and biochemical parameters associated with lifetime suicide attempts in BD.

RESULTS: Lifetime suicide attempts in BD were predicted by a longer duration of untreated illness (DUI) (p = 0.005), absence of lifetime psychotic symptoms (p = 0.025), presence of poly-substance use disorders (p = 0.033), comorbidity with obesity (p = 0.022), a last mood episode of manic polarity (p = 0.044), and lower bilirubin serum levels (p = 0.002); higher total cholesterol serum levels showed a trend toward statistical significance (p = 0.058).

CONCLUSIONS: BD patients with lifetime suicide attempts present unfavorable clinical features. Some specific biochemical characteristics of bipolar patients may represent potential markers of suicidal behavior and need to be better investigated to identify new targets of treatment in the framework of personalized medicine. These preliminary findings have to be confirmed by further studies in different clinical settings. © 2022 by the authors.

Language: en

Keywords

adult; human; female; male; bipolar disorder; depression; prevalence; suicide attempt; suicide attempts; lithium; comorbidity; obesity; major clinical study; controlled study; retrospective study; cholesterol blood level; clinical feature; mirtazapine; serotonin uptake inhibitor; tricyclic antidepressant agent; quetiapine; middle aged; haloperidol; cholesterol; lifespan; hospital patient; drug dependence; trazodone; cross-sectional study; carbamazepine; olanzapine; risperidone; valproic acid; mania; gabapentin; lamotrigine; hypomania; disease duration; aripiprazole; blood analysis; biochemical marker; Article; bilirubin; bilirubin blood level; serotonin noradrenalin reuptake inhibitor; zuclopenthixol; paliperidone; asenapine; lurasidone; demographics; vortioxetine; biochemical markers; clinical features