Citation

Renaud J, MacNeil SL, Vijayakumar L, Spodenkiewicz M, Daniels S, Brent DA, Turecki G. Front. Psychiatry 2022; 13.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2022, Frontiers Media)

DOI

10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1044354

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

Although global rates of suicide have dropped in the last 30 years, youth in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) continue to be highly represented in suicide statistics yet underrepresented in research. In this review we present the epidemiology of suicide, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts among youth in LMICs. We also describe population-level (attitudes toward suicide, socioeconomic, and societal factors) and individual-level clinical and psychosocial risk factors, highlighting specific considerations pertaining to youth in LMICs. These specific considerations in risk factors within this population can inform how multi-level prevention strategies may be targeted to meet their specific needs. Prevention and intervention strategies relying on the stepped-care framework focusing on population-, community-, and individual level targets while considering locally- and culturally relevant practices are key in LMICs. In addition, systemic approaches favoring school-based and family-based interventions are important among youth. Cross-culturally adapted multimodal prevention strategies targeting the heterogeneity that exists in healthcare systems, suicide rates, and risk factors in these countries should be accorded a high priority to reduce the burden of suicide among youth in LMICs. Copyright © 2022 Renaud, MacNeil, Vijayakumar, Spodenkiewicz, Daniels, Brent and Turecki.

Language: en

Keywords

attitude; human; suicide; suicide prevention; youth; Review; prevention; adolescence; policy; suicidal ideation; suicide attempt; suicide attempts; risk assessment; juvenile; risk factor; mental disease; mental health care; patient care; health care access; social psychology; epidemiological data; cultural factor; social status; psychosocial care; risk reduction; population risk; social media; low income country; middle income country; government employee; sexual and gender minority; sustainable development goal; family based intervention; low-and middle-income countries; school based therapy; suicide burden