Citation

Hayakawa K, Watabe M, Horikawa H, Sato-Kasai M, Shimokawa N, Nakao T, Kato TA. J. Pers. Med. 2022; 12(2).

Copyright

(Copyright © 2022, MDPI: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute)

DOI

10.3390/jpm12020131

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

Lower serum levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) have been suggested to indicate higher suicide risk and various psychiatric symptoms. Previously, we reported that lower serum LDL-C levels are associated with loneliness, social phobia, isolated life with little social support, and lower trust in others among young non-clinical females. Thus, we hypothesize that schizoid personality traits may be associated with lower serum LDL-C. We here verified this hypothesis using non-clinical data and clinical data with schizophrenia. Using the database from the Midlife in Japan (MIDJA), a cohort of residents living in Tokyo, we analyzed whether schizoid-related interpersonal characteristics were associated with LDL-C. In addition, we assessed the association between blood biomarkers including LDL-C and schizoid personality traits in 101 adult non-clinical volunteers. Finally, we evaluated the interaction between LDL-C and social decision making of patients with schizophrenia. In female non-clinical volunteers, serum LDL-C level was a predictive factor and negatively correlated with schizoid personality traits. Female patients with schizophrenia, whose serum LDL-C levels were lower, tended not to trust other females. The present findings suggest that LDL-C may influence schizoid personality traits in females, which provide a basis for further investigation into the biological aspects of schizoid personality disorder. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

Language: en

Keywords

adult; human; female; male; aged; decision making; Social isolation; Schizophrenia; Loneliness; schizophrenia; social support; loneliness; C reactive protein; social isolation; Hikikomori; questionnaire; personality disorder; human experiment; neurosis; psychometry; schizoidism; cross-sectional study; low density lipoprotein cholesterol; cohort analysis; extraversion; high density lipoprotein cholesterol; uric acid; educational status; mental function; Article; biological marker; Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Disorders; bilirubin; UCLA Loneliness Scale; internet addiction; agency; mental disease assessment; conscientiousness; Solitude; Social Phobia Scale; social responsibility; Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support; hikikomori; agreeableness; fibrin degradation product; trust game; Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C); Lubben Social Network Scale 6; Preference for Solitude Scale; Schizoid personality disorder; Social decision making; Trust game; Yamagishi and Yamagishi trust scale