Citation

Blanco L, Sió A, Hogg B, Esteve R, Radua J, Solanes A, Gardoki-Souto I, Sauras R, Farré A, Castillo C, Valiente-Gómez A, Perez V, Torrens M, Amann BL, Moreno-Alcázar A. J. Clin. Med. 2020; 9(8): 1-14.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2020, MDPI: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute)

DOI

10.3390/jcm9082553

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

Psychological trauma has been identified in substance use disorders (SUD) as a major etiological risk factor. However, detailed and systematic data about the prevalence and types of psychological trauma in dual disorders have been scarce to date. In this study, 150 inpatients were recruited and cross-sectionally screened on their substance use severity, psychological trauma symptoms, comorbidities, and clinical severity. One hundred patients fulfilled criteria for a dual disorder, while 50 patients were diagnosed with only SUD. Ninety-four percent of the whole sample suffered from at least one lifetime traumatic event. The prevalence rates of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder diagnosis for dual disorder and only SUD was around 20% in both groups; however, patients with dual disorder presented more adverse events, more childhood trauma, more dissociative symptoms, and a more severe clinical profile than patients with only SUD. Childhood maltreatment can also serve as a predictor for developing a dual disorder diagnosis and as a risk factor for developing a more complex and severe clinical profile. These data challenge our current clinical practice in the treatment of patients suffering from dual disorder or only SUD diagnosis and favor the incorporation of an additional trauma-focused therapy in this population. This may improve the prognosis and the course of the illness in these patients. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

Language: en

Keywords

adult; human; sexual abuse; female; male; injury; alcohol; Prevalence; cannabis; prevalence; sex difference; suicide attempt; Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; comorbidity; disease severity; Posttraumatic stress disorder; posttraumatic stress disorder; mood disorder; amphetamine; cocaine; Substance use disorders; risk factor; alcohol consumption; major clinical study; eating disorder; questionnaire; anticonvulsive agent; antidepressant agent; neuroleptic agent; psychotrauma; drug dependence; benzodiazepine derivative; follow up; cross-sectional study; diamorphine; nicotine; multicenter study; hypnotic agent; amnesia; sedative agent; physical abuse; psychedelic agent; depersonalization; central stimulant agent; heroin dependence; Article; Young Mania Rating Scale; Dual diagnosis; DSM-5; emotional abuse; Childhood Trauma Questionnaire; Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; emotional neglect; physical neglect; Psychological trauma; dissociative experiences scale; Global Assessment of Posttraumatic Stress Questionnaire; Holmes Rahe Life Stress Inventory; Severity of Dependence Scale