Citation

Arar S, ALSoufi H, Abu-Nameh ESM, Deeb AA, Habahbeh A. Egyptian Journal of Chemistry 2020; 63(2): 373-387.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2020)

DOI

10.21608/ejchem.2019.11591.1737

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

IN THIS work a screening study in Jordan was conducted on identification of herbal smoking mixtures containing recently new marketed synthetic cannabinoids (aminoalkylindols) (XLR-11, AB-CHMINACA, AB-FUBINACA isomers) which were responsible for a few cases for suicide accidents, individual violent action and few homicides. The smoking items were seized by customs and by the Anti-Narcotics Department in the year 2016/17. Forensic evidences including herbal smoking mixtures, cigarettes, and cigarettes waste were screened for containing these banned drugs employing GC-EI/MS in scan mode with JWH-018 and 5F-ADB as surrogates and individual aminoalkylindols reference standards. The liquid-liquid extraction optimization results indicated that dichloromethane gave the highest recovery for aminoalkylindols in herbal smoking mixtures and methanol for cigarette waste filters. The Results indicated that the marketed herbs were in all sprayed with either XLR-11 (around 45%) or combination of either both XLR-11 and AB-CHMINACA or a combination of XLR-11 and AB-FUBINACA isomers (25%) and the rest was AB-CHMINACA or AB-FUBINACA isomers pure or mixtures. These results were further confirmed by cigarette waste analysis which gave approximate results to herbs or spices. To our knowledge this is the first study of its kind in the MENA region and to be conducted in Jordan with an optimization procedure that is not reported in literature. © 2020 National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC).

Language: en

Keywords

Cannabinoids; Cigarettes; Cigarettes waste; GC-EI/MS; Herbal smoking mixtures