Citation

Lijtmaer R. Int. Forum Psychoanal. 2019; 28(1): 12-18.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2019, Scandinavian University Press)

DOI

10.1080/0803706X.2017.1367842

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

The world is regularly confronted by occurrences of mass violence wherein specific groups of a population are brutally killed, raped, and tortured by another group that considers its own behavior morally justifiable. There are social, economic, and political crises that lead to the scapegoating of one group designated as the enemy. It represents a mental instrument that validates dehumanizing the chosen enemy and gives "meaning" to the extermination of dangerous "elements" as part of a battle between good and evil. In the case of suicide bombers and terrorists, sacrifice and devotion to the ideology that promises martyrdom and support for sacred ideals are requirements. Some researchers talk about the personality of the torturer, particularly about how some childrearing practices annihilate children's sense of self by teaching them to be obedient to authority. Others talk about the role of moral disengagement and the role of specialized military training. Psychoanalytic thinkers emphasize that the key mechanisms at work in these atrocities are splitting, paranoid projections, projective identification, sadomasochistic forces, strong mechanisms of negation and dissociation, and an extremely weak social identity. Those who commit evil acts seldom perceive their actions as evil. This paper focuses on the social influences that lead to dehumanizing and blaming the "other," and childrearing practices that influence the creation of the genocidal mentality. © 2017, © 2017 The International Federation of Psychoanalytic Societies.

Language: en

Keywords

human rights; human; suicide; training; motivation; torture; priority journal; terrorism; social status; authority; Article; bomb; suicide bombers; personality of torturers; social trauma