Citation

Boer TA. Int. J. Environ. Stud. 2018; 75(2): 239-250.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2018, Informa - Taylor and Francis Group)

DOI

10.1080/00207233.2017.1415834

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

Worldwide the Netherlands has the broadest experience with organizing voluntary euthanasia and assisted suicide. Roughly, three phases may be distinguished: in 1968-1985 euthanasia was vividly debated but, as it was illegal, it was at best tolerated. Since 1985, beginning with a verdict of the Supreme Court, euthanasia became officially tolerated and gradually legalized in 2002, after which the numbers stabilized until 2006. The onset of the third phase was in 2007. Since that year, the numbers tripled, new pathologies were accepted as a reason for euthanasia, the number of people with a long life expectancy increased, and mobile euthanizing teams were established that provide euthanasia without a prior doctor-patient relationship. These developments were made possible by a combination of cultural developments, the absence of restrictive legal norms, and a far reaching mandate of the Review Committees. © 2018 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

Language: en

Keywords

evaluation; Euthanasia; Netherlands; Assisted suicide; Waste management; Information dissemination; Supreme Court; Pollution; Number of peoples; Doctor patient relationships; review procedure; the Netherlands; Three phasis