Citation

Jain A, Lihite RJ, Lahkar M, Baruah SK. HIV and AIDS Review 2016; 15(4): 131-135.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2016)

DOI

10.1016/j.hivar.2016.10.001

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

Background Assam state of Northeast India is surrounded with the states which are very critical in terms of HIV/AIDS. The first line drugs recommended by National AIDS Control Organization for the treatment of HIV infected patients consist of zidovudine (AZT), lamivudine (3TC), nevirapine (NVP), efavirenz (EFV), tenofovir (TDF), and stavudine (d4T). It was observed that the reporting of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) due to these antiretroviral drugs from this region is very low. Aim To study and identify adverse drug reactions to first line treatment in HIV infected patients reported by the nodal centre of antiretroviral therapy (ART) at a tertiary care hospital.

METHOD In this cross-sectional study, 100 HIV infected patients with ADR were reported within 2 months from the nodal ART Centre of Gauhati Medical College and Hospital (GMCH) situated at Guwahati, Assam, Northeast India. WHO-system organ class-body system was used to classify reported ADRs. Causality assessments to reported ADRs were performed by using WHO-UMC causality assessment system.

RESULTS In this study, most of the patients have received TDF + 3TC + EFV (83%) regimen followed by AZT + 3TC + NVP (10%), AZT + 3TC + EFV (4%), TDF + 3TC + NVP (2%), and d4T + 3TC + EFV (1%). Efavirenz was commonly implicated drug which was suspected in 81 patients. In this study, 216 ADRs were reported during study period. Of which, 87 ADRs were related to nervous system disorders and 81 ADRs were under gastrointestinal disorders as per WHO-system organ class-body system. Vertigo (22.68%) and vomiting (13.88%) were commonly reported ADR. In this study, substitution of ART regimen was done in 15 patients after detecting ADR while in 85 patients regimen was continued without any change. As per WHO-UMC causality assessment system, causality was possible in 85 patients while it was probable in 15 patients.

CONCLUSION Vertigo and vomiting were the most commonly reported ADR and regimens containing EFV were more likely to induce ADR. © 2016 Polish AIDS Research Society

Language: en

Keywords

adult; human; female; male; India; nephrotoxicity; insomnia; suicide attempt; HIV; antiretroviral therapy; lamivudine; major clinical study; homosexuality; vomiting; heterosexuality; Human immunodeficiency virus infection; hallucination; headache; vertigo; appetite disorder; efavirenz; backache; cross-sectional study; drug efficacy; diarrhea; nausea; nightmare; fever; rash; underweight; anemia; pruritus; liver toxicity; body weight; nevirapine; stavudine; zidovudine; burning sensation; dizziness; Stevens Johnson syndrome; tenofovir; Article; observational study; Human immunodeficiency virus infected patient; adverse drug reaction; tertiary care center; ADR; ART; EFV; WHO-UMC