Citation

Pompili M, Vichi M, Masocco M, Vanacore N, Innamorati M, Serafini G, Girardi P, De Leo D, Tatarelli R. Quaderni Italiani di Psichiatria 2010; 29(2): 41-50.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2010, Masson Italia Editori)

DOI

10.1016/j.quip.2010.05.001

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Compared with other countries, Italy has an intermediate suicide rate characterized by major geographic variability. The aim of this study was to obtain updated age- and sex-related mortality rates for suicide in Italy, to examine certain geographic differences, and to review the methods most commonly used to commit suicide in this country.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Joinpoint regression was used to analyze temporal trends from 1980-2006.

RESULTS: Analysis of the methods used to commit suicide methods revealed an increasing use of highly lethal methods. Suicide-related mortality rates showed important gender differences among adults and adolescents. Being married appeared to exert protective effects against suicide (more so than against death from natural causes), but the suicide risk associated with unmarried status (never-married, divorced/separated, or widowed) varied with age and gender. Comparison of risks for suicide and for natural causes of death revealed relatively higher risks for suicide among divorced/separated women, divorced/separated men (under age 64), and widowers. Among men and women, separation, divorce, and death of a spouse were associated with higher suicide risks. Major geographical disparities were seen in suicide rates. The highest figures among married and unmarried individuals were recorded in northern regions, and the island of Sardinia had the highest male suicide rate in Italy.

CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study highlight the importance of considering local social and cultural characteristics in suicide prevention efforts. © 2010 Elsevier Srl. All rights reserved.

Language: it

Keywords

human; Epidemiology; suicide; Suicide; female; male; sex difference; cause of death; mortality; Italy; review; major clinical study; controlled study; cultural factor; geographic distribution; social aspect; demography; divorce; Youths; Marital status