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Citation |
Hymowitz N. Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews 2008; 4(2): 137-149. |
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Copyright |
(Copyright © 2008) |
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DOI |
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PMID |
unavailable |
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Abstract |
On average, adults who smoke cigarettes weigh less than nonsmokers. However, they have a greater tendency towards abdminal obesity, and, when they stop smoking, about 80% of them gain weight. Whereas original estimates of the amount of weight ex-smokers gain in one-year's time was about five pounds, long-term follow-up of sustained quitters suggests that the weight gain may be considerably greater. While the health benefits of quitting smoking outweigh the adverse health consequences of post-cessation weight gain, studies on the effects of smoking cessation on lung function show that the weight gained by quitters may significantly reduce the beneficial effects of smoking cessation on lung function. Prevention of post-cessation weight gain has proved to be an elusive target. However, studies show that life style changes, diet, exercise, and pharamacotherapy, alone and in combination, may reduce post-cessation weight gain, at least for the period of time that the treatments are in effect. Nicotine replacement therapy, bupropion SR, and, to a lesser extent, varenicline, are the most effective pharmacological deterrents to post-cessation weight gain, although the latter medication may yield the best quit smoking results. Research on pharmacogenetics and other medications may increase physicians' armamentarium in the future. © 2008 Bentham Science Publishers Ltd. Language: en |
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Keywords |
human; suicide; suicidal ideation; depression; physical activity; clinical trial; review; obesity; health program; smoking; weight reduction; amfebutamone; fluoxetine; nortriptyline; paroxetine; serotonin uptake inhibitor; sertraline; priority journal; health survey; placebo; cigarette smoking; weight gain; naltrexone; lung function; withdrawal syndrome; body weight; drug formulation; smoking cessation; tobacco dependence; kinesiotherapy; lung function test; drug dose titration; tetrahydrolipstatin; diet therapy; sibutramine; smokeless tobacco; drug dose comparison; lifestyle modification; rimonabant; varenicline; nicotine gum; nicotine patch; nicotine replacement therapy; nose spray; forced expiratory volume; body fat distribution; energy consumption; smoking cessation program; vital capacity |