Citation

Zito JM, Derivan AT, Kratochvil CJ, Safer DJ, Fegert JM, Greenhill LL. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry Ment. Health 2008; 2.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2008, Holtzbrinck Springer Nature Publishing Group - BMC)

DOI

10.1186/1753-2000-2-24

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

The review presents pediatric adverse drug events from a historical perspective and focuses on selected safety issues associated with off-label use of medications for the psychiatric treatment of youth. Clinical monitoring procedures for major psychotropic drug classes are reviewed. Prior studies suggest that systematic treatment monitoring is warranted so as to both minimize risk of unexpected adverse events and exposures to ineffective treatments. Clinical trials to establish the efficacy and safety of drugs currently being used off-label in the pediatric population are needed. In the meantime, clinicians should consider the existing evidence-base for these drugs and institute close clinical monitoring. © 2008 Zito et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

Language: en

Keywords

human; nephrotoxicity; suicidal ideation; depression; psychosis; blindness; suicide attempt; suicidal behavior; clinical trial; risk assessment; patient education; amphetamine; emotional disorder; review; epilepsy; pancreatitis; mental disease; prescription; anticonvulsive agent; antidepressant agent; neuroleptic agent; behavior disorder; amfebutamone; cognitive defect; fluoxetine; serotonin uptake inhibitor; tricyclic antidepressant agent; patient monitoring; priority journal; treatment indication; psychopharmacology; diazepam; haloperidol; hostility; drug safety; placebo; drug blood level; seizure; drug fatality; drug efficacy; olanzapine; risperidone; diarrhea; tremor; valproate semisodium; weight gain; drug withdrawal; hypotension; irritability; unindexed drug; drug marketing; valproic acid; hypertension; lamotrigine; phenobarbital; side effect; chloramphenicol; attention deficit disorder; atypical antipsychotic agent; drug surveillance program; infection; agitation; dystonia; liver toxicity; child care; postmarketing surveillance; hyponatremia; liver dysfunction; metabolic acidosis; alpha adrenergic receptor stimulating agent; coughing; respiration depression; propofol; liver metabolism; pemoline; muscle rigidity; bradycardia; chlordiazepoxide; lithium derivative; drug eruption; drug hypersensitivity; heart block; Stevens Johnson syndrome; thyroid disease; oxygen therapy; prematurity; atomoxetine; ovary polycystic disease; promethazine; adjuvant therapy; metabolic syndrome X; upper respiratory tract infection; hyperkinesia; flurazepam; off label drug use; tooth disease; common cold; desmopressin; loxapine; febrile convulsion; allergic disease; glomerulus filtration; hypoplasia; nocturnal enuresis; pediatric anesthesia; retrolental fibroplasia