Citation

Greydanus DE, Patel DR. Int. J Disabil. Hum. Dev. 2008; 7(3): 319-328.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2008, Nova Science Publishers)

DOI

10.1515/IJDHD.2008.7.3.319

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

Acne vulgaris is a common disorder of adolescents and young adults that can be very severe especially in those with concomitant hyperandrogenic conditions. The pathophysiologic of acne vulgaris is reviewed along with its differential diagnosis, including acne variants. Management of acne is also reviewed including use of topical and oral anti-acne agents such as benzoyl peroxide, retinoids, and antibiotics (topical and oral). Treatment of severe acne includes management of underlying disorders (as endocrine conditions) along with oral isotretinoin. Other medications that may be useful in selective cases include oral contraceptives, low dose prednisone, antiandrogens (as spironolactone or cyproterone acetate), or gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists. © 2011, Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. All rights reserved.

Language: en

Keywords

human; suicide; treatment; depression; blindness; lithium; acne; isotretinoin; review; fatigue; acne vulgaris; barbituric acid derivative; differential diagnosis; cholesterol blood level; pathophysiology; xerostomia; headache; vertigo; gastrointestinal symptom; low back pain; steroid; doxycycline; seizure; skin abrasion; drug withdrawal; drug megadose; Acne; anti acne agent; unindexed drug; erythema; rash; side effect; psychomotor retardation; glucose blood level; allergic reaction; hepatitis; phenytoin; photosensitivity; pruritus; skin irritation; antibiotic agent; treatment failure; oral contraceptive agent; conjunctivitis; low drug dose; amoxicillin; ampicillin; iodide; hemolytic anemia; heart atrium septum defect; teratogenicity; gonadorelin agonist; spironolactone; tetracycline; monotherapy; dizziness; hair disease; add on therapy; unspecified side effect; skin pigmentation; esophagus ulcer; cyproterone acetate; azelaic acid; benzoyl peroxide; clindamycin; erythromycin; minocycline; retinoic acid; hyperandrogenism; triacylglycerol blood level; anencephalus; adapalene; brain pseudotumor; dry skin; onycholysis; pigment disorder; retinoid; adjuvant therapy; bromide; drug substitution; rifampicin; cheilitis; epistaxis; nail disease; phototoxicity; tazarotene; ethinylestradiol; prednisone; bone disease; hypersensitivity reaction; folliculitis; chronic patient; cornea opacity; lupus like syndrome; serum sickness; tooth disease; acne conglobata; acne fulminans; hearing impairment; eyelid disease; ethinylestradiol plus norgestimate; heart ventricle septum defect; tooth discoloration; patent ductus arteriosus; cleft palate; ear malformation; hyperostosis; microcephaly; dry nose; musculoskeletal pain; acne cystica; acne tropicalis; acne variants; arterial trunk; infantile acne; kelp; micrognathia; microphthalmia; papulopustular acne; premature epiphyseal closure; skull malformation; sunburn; vestibulocochlear nerve disease