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Abstract
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AIM: To understand the mental health, the suicidal attitude and trend of medical students in different levels, because, the mental health and the suicidal attitude may be different.
METHODS: 1 920 students of different levels in medical institution, including undergraduates, students of short course in institution and technical secondary school students were investigated by questionnaire from January 2005 to December 2006. The class that had the same course was as one unit. Three classes from every level were selected as the samples to be investigated. 2 The symptom chechlist (SCL-90) and the suicide attitude questionnaire were applied. The SCL-90 was used to evaluate students' mental health, which consisted of 90 items including 10 factors such as somatization, obsession-compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, psychotism and others. Each item was scored by 5 grades. The higher the scores, the more frequent and severe the symptoms were. The person whose score was ≥2 had mild mental disease; the person whose score ≥3 had moderate mental disease or above. 3 The suicide attitude questionnaire of 4 dimensions, 29 items was composed of attitude to suicide characters, to suicides, to the families of suicides and to euthanasia, which was also evaluated by 5 grades. The attitude to suicide of persons with scores ≤2.5 points was affirming, approving, tolerant and comprehension; scores of 2.5-3.5 points were separated to contradictory and neutrality; ≥3.5 points was against, denying, rejecting and discrimination. The item 15 of symptom checklist "yearning to over one's life" was regarded as the standard to identify the suicidal idea. The seriousness degree of suicide idea was evaluated by the grade of score (never, mild, moderate, serious, severe). 4 The statistics analysis was performed with χ2 test.
RESULTS: A total of 920 questionnaires were sent out, and 863 qualified ones were collected with the effective rate of 93.8%. 1 mental state: 47.9% technical secondary school students with mental disease, 18.2% students had moderate or more severe mental disease. 40.9% students of short course in institution with mental disease, 15.9% students had moderate or more severe mental disease. 36.4%, undergraduates with mental disease, 13.6% students had moderate or more severe mental disease. There were significant differences in positive, moderate or above mental problems of anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, psychotism in medical students in different levels (χ2=6.11-15.78,P < 0.05-0.01). 2 suicidal attitude: Most of the medical students were contradictory or neutrality to suicide character, and the majority considered the families of suicide and euthanasia affirmative and comprehensible. The students of short course in institution were more than the other two groups among those who were contradictory and neutrality to suicide character (χ2=7.35,P < 0.05). The undergraduates were more than the others among those who were denying and discrimination to suicide character (χ2=11.21,P < 0.01). The undergraduates were more than the others among those who were affirmative and comprehensible to suicides (χ2=6.51,P < 0.05). The students of short course in institution were the most among those who were contradictory and neutrality to suicides. The technical secondary school students were secondly about that problem, and the undergraduates were the least (χ2=10.89,P < 0.01). The undergraduates were more than the others among those who were no matter affirmative and comprehensible nor contradictory and neutrality to the suicides' families (χ2=7.71,8.76, P < 0.05). The students of short course in institution were more than the others among those who were affirmative and comprehensible to euthanasia (χ2=12.01,P < 0.01). Among those who were contradictory and neutrality to euthanasia, the students of short course in institution were the most, followed by the undergraduates, and the technical secondary school students were the least (χ2=16.47,P < 0.01). The technical secondary school students were more than the others among those who were denying and discrimination to euthanasia (χ2=6.24,P < 0.05). 3 suicide idea: The frequency of suicide idea appeared declining tendency with the rising educational background. The appearance rates of suicide idea in technical secondary school students, students of short course in institution and undergraduates were 35.5%, 15.3% and 13.3%. There were significant differences among these three groups (χ2=49.546, P<0.01). The difference among these three groups about serious and severe suicide idea was not obvious (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Among these three groups, technical secondary school students have more mental problems and suicide idea. There are educational differences to suicide attitude in medical students.
Language: zh |