Citation

Sobel RM, Lotkowski S, Mandel S. Curr. Psychiatry Rep. 2005; 7(5): 396-403.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2005, Holtzbrinck Springer Nature Publishing Group)

DOI

10.1007/s11920-005-0043-2

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

The risk of depression is increased in chronic neurologic illness and can adversely affect the course of disease. Recent literature is reviewed for depression in stroke, epilepsy, and multiple sclerosis. Depression can share pathophysiologic aspects of the comorbid illness, such as neurotransmitter pathway disturbances, hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal pathway disturbances, and changes in immunologic function. Depression also can be a psychologic reaction to the burden of the neurologic condition. Risk factors for development of depression are reviewed. Depression and other medical conditions can have shared symptoms (eg, fatigue, psychomotor retardation) that can complicate the diagnosis of depression in neurologic illness. Proper selection of antidepressant treatment is necessary to avoid worsening the neurologic disorder. Copyright © 2005 by Current Science Inc.

Language: en

Keywords

human; age; suicide; systematic review; incidence; insomnia; depression; prevalence; sex difference; mortality; education; major depression; clinical trial; risk assessment; treatment outcome; disease severity; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; mood disorder; risk factor; survival time; review; epilepsy; serotonin; vomiting; disease classification; antidepressant agent; disease association; sexual dysfunction; citalopram; cognitive defect; desipramine; fluoxetine; mirtazapine; moclobemide; nortriptyline; serotonin uptake inhibitor; sertraline; behavior therapy; cognitive therapy; ethnology; noradrenalin; dopamine; coping behavior; reboxetine; nonhuman; cerebrovascular accident; benzodiazepine derivative; seizure; carbamazepine; drug efficacy; nausea; serotoninergic system; Hamilton scale; geriatric patient; phenobarbital; topiramate; vigabatrin; corticotropin releasing factor; correlation analysis; Caucasian; risk reduction; Chinese; 4 aminobutyric acid; GABAergic system; tiagabine; emotionality; Beck Depression Inventory; multiple sclerosis; dyspepsia; beta interferon; confidence interval; Cochrane Library; beta1a interferon; glatiramer; Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; interleukin 1beta; noradrenergic system; picrotoxin; pilocarpine