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Abstract
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INTRODUCTION: Data on the long-term and comprehensive cost of violence are essential for informed decision making on the future benefits of resources directed toward violence prevention. This review aimed to summarize original per person estimates of the attributable cost of interpersonal violence to support public health economic research and decision making.
METHODS: In 2023, English-language peer-reviewed journal articles published 2000-2022 with high-income country focus reporting original per person average cost of violence estimates were identified using index terms in multiple databases. Study content including violence type (e.g., adverse childhood experiences, ACEs), timeline and payer cost perspective (e.g., hospitalization event-only health care payer cost), and associated per person cost estimates were summarized. Costs are 2022 USD.
RESULTS: Per person cost estimates related to ACEs, community violence, sexual violence, intimate partner violence, homicide, firearm violence, youth violence, workplace violence, and bullying from 73 studies (majority U.S. focus) were summarized. For example, among 23 studies with ACEs focus, monetary estimates ranged from $390 for ACE-related annual health care out-of-pocket costs per U.S. adult with 3+ ACEs to $20.2m for the lifetime societal economic burden of a U.S. child maltreatment fatality.
CONCLUSIONS: This review provides a descriptive summary of available per person cost of violence estimates.
RESULTS can help public health professionals describe the economic burden of violence, identify the best available estimate for a particular public health question, and address data gaps. Ultimately, understanding the long-term and comprehensive cost of violence is necessary to anticipate the economic benefits of prevention.
Language: en |