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Citation
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Easterbrook B, Plouffe RA, Houle SA, Liu A, McKinnon MC, Ashbaugh AR, Mota N, Afifi TO, Enns MW, Richardson JD, Nazarov A. Eur. J. Psychotraumatol. 2023; 14(1): e2192622. |
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Abstract
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BACKGROUND: Potentially morally injurious experiences (PMIEs) are common during military service. However, it is unclear to what extent PMIEs are related to well-established adverse mental health outcomes.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to use a population-based survey to determine the associations between moral injury endorsement and the presence of past-year mental health disorders in Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) personnel and Veterans.
METHODS: Data were obtained from the 2018 Canadian Armed Forces Members and Veterans Mental Health Follow-up Survey (CAFVMHS). With a sample of 2,941 respondents, the weighted survey sample represented 18,120 active duty and 34,380 released CAF personnel. Multiple logistic regressions were used to assess the associations between sociodemographic characteristics (e.g. sex), military factors (e.g. rank), moral injury (using the Moral Injury Events Scale [MIES]) and the presence of specific mental health disorders (major depressive episode, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, PTSD, and suicidality).
RESULTS: While adjusting for selected sociodemographic and military factors, the odds of experiencing any past-year mental health disorder were 1.97 times greater (95% CI = 1.94-2.01) for each one-unit increase in total MIES score. Specifically, PTSD had 1.91 times greater odds (95% CI = 1.87-1.96) of being endorsed for every unit increase in MIES total score, while odds of past-year panic disorder or social anxiety were each 1.86 times greater (95% CI = 1.82-1.90) for every unit increase in total MIES score. All findings reported were statistically significant (p <.001).
CONCLUSION: These findings emphasize that PMIEs are robustly associated with the presence of adverse mental health outcomes among Canadian military personnel. The results of this project further underscore the necessity of addressing moral injury alongside other mental health concerns within the CAF.
Language: en |
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Keywords
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Humans; Mental health; Mental Health; Canada/epidemiology; military personnel; moral injury; 心理健康; mental health disorders; *Depressive Disorder, Major/epidemiology; *Military Personnel/psychology; *Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/epidemiology/psychology; Daño Moral; Personal Militar; post-traumatic; Postraumático; Salud Mental; stress disorders; Trastornos de Estrés; Trastornos de Salud Mental; 军人; 创伤后; 应激障碍; 心理健康障碍; 道德伤害 |