Citation

Tan M, Mao P. Child Abuse Negl. 2023; 139: e106091.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2023, Elsevier Publishing)

DOI

10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106091

PMID

36787671

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Researchers have documented that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with adverse long-term consequences for mental health, including increased risk for depression. However, the type and dose-response effects of ACE on depression risk need further exploration.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to synthesize the evidence on the relationship between ACEs measured by ACE International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ) and depression in type and quantity. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING: Individuals with ACEs.

METHODS: A systematic search was carried out of all published articles, up to November 2022, in eight electronic databases. Fixed- and random-effect models and dose-response were used.

RESULTS: Exposure to ACEs, including household dysfunction, was associated with a higher risk of depression (ORs ranged from 1.34 to 3.17). The numbers of ACE acted as a nonlinear predictor of depression.

CONCLUSIONS: These analyses provided important evidence that ACEs, regardless of type or quantity, may be a risk factor for depression development. Prevention of ACEs and interventions for supporting those affected by ACEs are necessary.

Language: en

Keywords

Depression; Dose-response; Adverse childhood experiences; Type