Citation

Gawronski B, Ledgerwood A, Eastwick PW. Psychol. Inq. 2022; 33(3): 139-155.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2022, Informa - Taylor and Francis Group)

DOI

10.1080/1047840X.2022.2106750

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

People can behave in a biased manner without being aware that their behavior is biased, an idea commonly referred to as implicit bias. Research on implicit bias has been heavily influenced by implicit measures, in that implicit bias is often equated with bias on implicit measures. Drawing on a definition of implicit bias as an unconscious effect of social category cues on behavioral responses, the current article argues that the widespread equation of implicit bias and bias on implicit measures is problematic on conceptual and empirical grounds. A clear separation of the two constructs will: (1) resolve ambiguities arising from the multiple meanings implied by current terminological conventions; (2) stimulate new research by uncovering important questions that have been largely ignored; (3) provide a better foundation for theories of implicit bias through greater conceptual precision; and (4) highlight the broader significance of implicit bias in a manner that is not directly evident from bias on implicit measures.

Language: en

Keywords

Avoiding Bias in the Search for Implicit Bias; Beyond Awareness: The Many Forms of Implicit Bias and Its Implications; Bias in Implicit Measures as Instances of Biased Behavior under Suboptimal Conditions in the Laboratory; Commentary on Gawronski, Ledgerwood, and Eastwick, Implicit Bias ≠ Bias on Implicit Measures; Decomposing Implicit Bias; Delight in Disorder: Inclusively Defining and Operationalizing Implicit Bias; Discrimination; Grappling with Social Complexity When Defining and Assessing Implicit Bias; implicit bias; Implicit Bias as Automatic Behavior; implicit measures; prejudice; Reflections on the Difference Between Implicit Bias and Bias on Implicit Measures; So close, Yet So Far: Stopping Short of Killing Implicit Bias; stereotyping; The “Implicit Bias” Wording Is a Relic. Let’s Move On and Study Unconscious Social Categorization Effects; What Implicit Measures of Bias Can Do