Citation

Quintana Benito J, Fernández-Balbuena AA, Martínez-Antón JC, Váquez Molini D. Heliyon 2022; 8(11): e11877.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2022, Elsevier Publishing)

DOI

10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11877

PMID

36439736

PMCID

PMC9694105

Abstract

Nowadays, fog is still a natural phenomenon that hinders our ability to detect targets, particularly in the field of driving where accidents are increasing. In the literature we find different studies determining the range of visibility, improving the quality of an image, determining the characteristics of fog, etc. In this work we propose the possibility of using a structured lighting system, on which we project the light towards the target, limiting the field lighting. We have developed a scattering light propagation model to simulate and subsequently study the veil luminance, generated by backscattering, to predict the decrease in visibility. This simulation considers the type of fog, the relative orientation of various elements (observer, light source and targets). We have built a fog chamber to validate the experimental params of the described system. The results obtained from both the simulation and the experimental measurements demonstrate that it is possible to obtain a high contrast enhancement for viewing a target when illuminated as described. Clearly, this kind of lighting technology will improve the road safety in foggy night environments. The results of this work can also be extrapolated to any situation in which the visibility of an observer is compromised by the environment, such as heavy rain, smoke from fires, among others.

Language: en

Keywords

Fog and light scattering; Fog chamber; Fog visibility scene; Simulated fog scene; Smart lighting; Veiling luminance