Citation

Wang Y, Xu R, Zhang K. Sustainability (Basel) 2022; 14(17): e11010.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2022, MDPI: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute)

DOI

10.3390/su141711010

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

Autonomous driving technology and vehicle-to-vehicle communication technology make the hybrid driving of connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) and regular vehicles (RVs) a long-existing phenomenon in the coming future. Among the existing studies, IDM models are mostly used to study the performance of homogeneous traffic flow. To explore the stability of mixed traffic flow, an extended intelligent driver model (IDM) based car-following model was proposed for mixed traffic flow (MTF) with both CAVs and RVs, considering the headway, the speed and acceleration of multiple front vehicles, as well as the response characteristics of RV drivers. Through the linear stability analysis, the criterion for the stability of MTFs was derived, and the relationship among the penetration rate of CAVs, equilibrium velocity and traffic stability in MTF are discussed. Based on the above theoretical model, a numerical simulation was conducted in two typical scenarios of starting and braking. The results showed that, at the microscopic scale, the vehicle in the Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC) mode could significantly decelerate in response to the interference from other vehicles in the same traffic environment. At the macroscopic scale, as the penetration rate of CAVs increased, the overall acceleration fluctuation of the traffic flow decreased. At the same penetration rate of CAVs, the higher density of CAVs coincided with the higher stability of the MTF. When the penetration rate of CAVs was 50%, the degree of distribution had the greatest impact on the MTF. When the penetration rate of CAVs exceeded 70%, the degree of distribution had little impact on the MTF. This research can provide basic theoretical support for the management and control of MTF in the future.

Language: en

Keywords

car-following model; mixed traffic flow (MTF); numerical simulation; stability analysis