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Abstract
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OBJECTIVE: This study examined demographic and injury-related predictors of cognitive and motor functional independence in Hispanics with TBI at years 1, 2, 5, and 10 after hospital discharge.
DESIGN: Hispanic participants (n = 1,360) from the TBI Model Systems Study were included in if they had at least one Functional Independence Measure (FIM) Cognitive and Motor score at any time point (years 1, 2, 5, or 10). Hierarchical linear modeling was used to examine baseline predictors of FIM Cognitive and Motor trajectories across this time period.
RESULTS: FIM Cognitive trajectories showed a quadratic movement (initial increase followed by a plateau or slight decrease), whereas FIM Motor trajectories showed a cubic movement (initial increase, followed by a plateau, then another increase). Higher FIM Cognitive trajectories were predicted by younger age, shorter length of posttraumatic amnesia (PTA), higher education, and having experienced a non-violent mechanism of injury. Higher FIM Motor trajectories were predicted by younger age, shorter PTA, and a non-violent mechanism of injury.
CONCLUSIONS: The baseline predictors of functional trajectories identified may help create tailored, evidence-based rehabilitation interventions along the continuum of recovery during the first 10 years for Hispanics with TBI at-risk for reduced functional outcomes.
Language: en |