Citation

Kišiček T, Renić T, Hafner I, Stepinac M. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14(12): e2513.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2022, MDPI: Multidisciplinary Digital Publications Institute)

DOI

10.3390/polym14122513

PMID

35746089

Abstract

Serviceability limit states are very important in the design of reinforced concrete elements but they are complex to calculate. Simplified serviceability calculations are provided in EN 1992-1-1 (2013) for steel reinforced elements. The crack widths are assumed to be acceptable if the bar diameters or bar spacings are not too large, while deflections are acceptable if the slenderness is not too large. In recent decades, FRP bars have become an adequate replacement for steel bars, especially in aggressive environments. The calculation procedures for FRP-reinforced concrete elements (FRPRC) were developed from calculation methods for steel reinforced elements. The first part of this paper demonstrates the procedures and parametric investigation for calculating the maximum bar diameter and bar spacing for the purpose of controlling the crack width, focusing on calculations for the maximum bar diameter for which cracks widths are acceptable. The second part of the paper demonstrates the procedures and parametric calculations for the slenderness limits for concrete elements reinforced with FRP bars in order to satisfy the usual deflection limits. Due to the different modulus of elasticity values of FRP and steel, the tables used for steel cannot be used for concrete beams reinforced with FRP bars. Therefore, new tables and diagrams are proposed in the paper. The new tables and diagrams for the maximum allowable bar diameters for the different modulus of elasticity values of FRP can be useful for the rapid control of the crack width in FRPRC elements. They are conservative compared to the exact calculations because some assumptions taken in the calculations are different to those taken in the exact calculation procedure for the crack width. The results of parametric calculations for the slenderness limits for FRPRC elements are provided in the form of a diagram for different concrete classes. Satisfying the slenderness from these curves will result in a smaller deflection than that allowed for each parameter related to that class of concrete.

Language: en

Keywords

design charts; FRP reinforcement; serviceability limit states