Citation

McCool WC, Codding BF, Vernon KB, Wilson KM, Yaworsky PM, Marwan N, Kennett DJ. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2022; 119(17): e2117556119.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2022, National Academy of Sciences)

DOI

10.1073/pnas.2117556119

PMID

35446706

Abstract

SignificanceWarfare and homicide are pervasive features of the human experience, yet scholars struggle to understand the conditions that promote violence. Climate and conflict research has revealed many linkages between climate change and human violence; however, studies often produce contrary findings, and the driving mechanisms remain difficult to identify. We suggest a solution is to identify conditions producing resource scarcity, which are necessarily a combination of climate and population dynamics. We examine patterns of lethal violence in the Prehispanic Andes and find that favorable climate conditions fostered rapid population growth within a circumscribed landscape, resulting in chronic warfare. Our work suggests that an increasingly unstable climate may promote future violence, where favorable climate regimes incentivize population growth and attendant resource strain.

Language: en

Keywords

climate change; Andes; lethal violence; population pressure; warfare