Citation

Reyes-Rodríguez AC, Valdés-Cuervo AA, Parra-Pérez LG, García-Vázquez FI, Torres-Acuña GM. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021; 18(21): e11424.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2021, MDPI: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute)

DOI

10.3390/ijerph182111424

PMID

34769941

Abstract

Collective efficacy is a promising theoretical construct that has been used to explain bullying rates in school. The development of school collective efficacy scales has increased in bullying research in recent years; however, gaps remain in measuring collective efficacy to handle bullying. This research assessed the psychometric properties of a new scale to evaluate collective efficacy against bullying. This first-order one-dimensional scale is called the teachers' perceptions of collective efficacy to handle bullying (TCEB) scale. A sample of 804 Mexican primary teachers completed questionnaires. The sample was randomly split into two subsamples for calibration (n = 402) and cross-validation analysis (n = 402). The factor structure was supported by confirmatory factorial analysis. Measurement equivalence was confirmed by gender. The latent means differences showed no statistically significant differences by teachers' gender. The TCEB correlation with school environment factors (e.g., principal support, school climate, and bullying) confirms the scale's discriminant and concurrent validity. Our findings suggest that TCEB is a suitable instrument to assess teachers' perceptions of collective efficacy to handle bullying, a construct that has proved to help predict a positive whole-school context and student bullying involvement.

Language: en

Keywords

bullying; collective efficacy; external validity; internal structure; measurement invariance; teachers