Citation

Kuranami C, Winston BP. Transp. Res. Rec. 1994; 1441: 116-123.

Copyright

(Copyright © 1994, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, National Academy of Sciences USA, Publisher SAGE Publishing)

DOI

unavailable

PMID

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Abstract

Nonmotorized vehicles (NMVs) such as bicycles and cycle-rickshaws offer low-cost personal mobility, are nonpolluting, use renewable energy, are labor-intensive, and are well-suited for short trips in most cities in Asia regardless of culture, income, location, or size. The extent to which they are owned and used in a region, however, varies considerably among cities. NMVs account for a significant or even majority share of all traffic in certain cities, whereas in others only a marginal portion of total traffic is nonmotorized. On the basis of a World Bank-funded inventory of NMV needs and opportunities in 10 Asian cities, the existing situation and trends are summarized and the factors influencing NMV ownership and use are assessed. The cities covered in the study were Phnom Penh (Cambodia), Hanoi (Vietnam), Dhaka (Bangladesh), Kanpur (India), Shanghai (China), Surabaya (Indonesia), Manila (Philippines), Chiang Mai (Thailand), George Town (Malaysia), and Tokyo (Japan).

Language: en

Keywords

Costs; Bicycles; Nonmotorized transportation; Highway traffic control; Urban planning; Economic and social effects