Citation

Matsuo A. J. Japan Soc. Safety Eng. 2018; 57(6): 465-470.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2018, Japan Society for Safety Engineering)

DOI

10.18943/safety.57.6_465

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

A chemical plant is a large-scale structure, and a large-scale disaster leading to a fire or explosion may occur due to an accident in the reaction tank. A reproduction experiment is necessary to know the cause and damage of a fire / explosion, but it cannot be done easily. Therefore, great expectations are placed on the reproduction of large-scale disasters by simulation. This time, we focus on explosion simulation, especially combustion process simulation technology when an explosion occurs, take up three types of combustion modes, and explain analysis methods according to their characteristics. In the explosion, the turbulent combustion rate is modeled and the progress of the combustion wave is solved directly. In detonation, each chemical species is solved based on a chemical reaction consisting of elementary reactions. In a dust explosion, particles are modeled by DEM and solved with a compressible fluid. Since it is necessary to select an appropriate method for analysis in this way, an understanding of explosive physics is necessary together with simulation technology. [Google Translate]

化学プラントは大規模構造物であり，反応槽の事故等により火災・爆発へと至る大規模災害が発生することがある．火災・爆発の原因や被害を知るためには再現実験は必要ではあるが容易にはできない．そのため，シミュレーションによる大規模災害の再現には大きな期待が寄せられている．今回は爆発のシミュレーション，特に爆発発生時における燃焼過程のシミュレーション技術に着目し，3 種類の燃焼形態を取り上げ，その特徴に応じた解析手法について説明する．爆燃では乱流燃焼速度をモデル化し燃焼波の進行を直接解く．爆轟では素反応からなる化学反応に基づき各化学種を解く．粉塵爆発では粒子をDEM でモデル化し圧縮性流体と一緒に解く．このように適切な手法の選択が解析には必要であることから，爆発物理の理解がシミュレーション技術と共に必要である．

Language: ja

Keywords

シミュレーション; 爆燃; 爆発; 爆轟; 粉塵爆発