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Journal Article

Citation

Yoshida K, Kuwa S. J. Japan Soc. Safety Eng. 2018; 57(6): 415-423.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2018, Japan Society for Safety Engineering)

DOI

10.18943/safety.57.6_415

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

To assess human health risks from chemicals, information on the dose-response relationship between exposure to chemicals and health effects is needed. However, this information is incomplete or absent in many substances. For this reason, mathematical models are generally used to supplement missing information in human health risk assessment of chemical substances, and make a great contribution to region-specific risk assessment and reduction of uncertainty in risk assessment results. doing. In this paper, we quantitatively estimate mass transfer from emission sources to humans, enable environmental dynamics / exposure models for region-specific exposure evaluation, and transfer to target organs / tissues after exposure in humans. We introduce a physiological pharmacokinetic model that quantitatively estimates and reduces uncertainty in quantity-response evaluation. [Google Translate]

化学物質によるヒトの健康リスクを評価するには,化学物質への曝露と健康影響の量-反応関係に関する情報が必要となる.しかし,これらの情報は多くの物質で不完全または皆無である.このため,化学物質のヒト健康リスク評価では,欠損情報を補完するために,数理モデルが一般的に使用され,地域特異的なリスク評価,リスク判定結果の不確実性の低減等に大きな貢献をしている.本稿では,排出源からヒトに至るまでの物質移動を定量的に推定し,地域特異的な曝露評価を可能にする環境動態・曝露モデル,そしてヒトでの曝露後の標的臓器・組織への移動を定量的に推定し,量-反応評価における不確実性を低減する生理学的薬物動力学モデルについて紹介する.


Language: ja

Keywords

体内動態; 急性影響; 慢性影響; 曝露; 環境動態

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