Citation

Otsuka H, Uehata A, Sakoda N, Sato T, Sakurai K, Aoki H, Yamagiwa T, Iizuka S, Inokuchi S. Trauma Surg. Acute Care Open 2020; 5(1): e000534.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2020, The author(s) and the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma, Publisher BMJ Publishing Group)

DOI

10.1136/tsaco-2020-000534

PMID

33062898 PMCID

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Trauma management requires a multidisciplinary approach, but coordination of staff and procedures is challenging in patients with severe trauma. In October 2014, we implemented a streamlined trauma management system involving emergency physicians trained in severe trauma management, surgical techniques, and interventional radiology. We evaluated the impact of streamlined trauma management on patient management and outcomes (study 1) and evaluated determinants of mortality in patients with severe trauma (study 2).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 125 patients admitted between January 2011 and 2019 with severe trauma (Injury Severity Score ≥16) and persistent hypotension (≥2 systolic blood pressure measurements <90 mm Hg). Patients were divided into a Before cohort (January 2011 to September 2014) and an After cohort (October 2014 to January 2019) according to whether they were admitted before or after the new approach was implemented. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality.

Results: Compared with the Before cohort (n=59), the After cohort (n=66) had a significantly lower in-hospital mortality (36.4% vs. 64.4%); required less time from hospital arrival to initiation of surgery/interventional radiology (median, 41.0 vs. 71.5 minutes); and was more likely to undergo resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (24.2% vs. 6.8%). Plasma administration before initiating hemostasis (adjusted OR 1.49 (95% CI 1.04 to 2.14)), resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (9.48 (95% CI 1.25 to 71.96)), and shorter time to initiation of surgery/interventional radiology (0.97 (95% CI 0.96 to 0.99)) were associated with significantly lower mortality.

Discussion: Implementing a streamlined trauma management protocol improved outcomes among hemodynamically unstable patients with severe multiple trauma.
Level of evidence: Level III.

Language: en

Keywords

shock; endovascular procedures; hemorrhagic; hemostasis; multiple trauma