Citation

Mason SJ, Davidson BS, Lehto M, Ledreux A, Granholm AC, Gorgens KA. Arch. Clin. Neuropsychol. 2020; ePub(ePub): ePub.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2020, Elsevier Publishing)

DOI

10.1093/arclin/acaa047

PMID

32853329

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: In this study we examined the temporal stability of the Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Test (ImPACT) within NCAA Division I athletes across various timepoints using an exhaustive series of statistical models.

METHODS: Within a cohort design, 48 athletes completed repeated baseline ImPACT assessments at various timepoints. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated using a two-way mixed effects model with absolute agreement.

RESULTS: Four ImPACT composite scores (Verbal Memory, Visual Memory, Visual Motor Speed, and Reaction Time) demonstrated moderate reliability (ICC = 0.51-0.66) across the span of a typical Division I athlete's career, which is below previous reliability recommendations (0.90) for measures used in individual decision-making. No evidence of fixed bias was detected within Verbal Memory, Visual Motor Speed, or Reaction Time composite scores, and minimal detectable change values exceeded the limits of agreement.

CONCLUSIONS: The demonstrated temporal stability of the ImPACT falls below the published recommendations, and as such, fails to provide robust support for the NCAA's recommendation to obtain a single preparticipation cognitive baseline for use in sports-related concussion management throughout an athlete's career. Clinical interpretation guidelines are provided for clinicians who utilize baseline ImPACT scores for later performance comparisons.

Language: en

Keywords

Concussion; Assessment; Reliability; ImPACT; Baseline Screening; Neuropsychological Testing; Traumatic Brain Injury