Citation

Andersen AM, Ashina H, Iljazi A, Al-Khazali HM, Chaudhry B, Ashina M, Ashina S, Schytz HW. Headache 2020; ePub(ePub): ePub.

Affiliation

Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2020, American Headache Society; American Association for the Study of Headache, Publisher John Wiley and Sons)

DOI

10.1111/head.13812

PMID

32320055

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To systematically identify risk factors for the development of post-traumatic headache (PTH) attributed to traumatic brain injury (TBI) as defined in the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD).

BACKGROUND: PTH is a common sequela of TBI and a leading cause of injury-related disability worldwide. However, little is known about risk factors for the development of PTH attributed to TBI.

METHODS: We searched PubMed and Embase for literature on risk factors for the development of acute and/or persistent PTH attributed to TBI in accordance with any version of the ICHD. Original studies published in English and of prospective, cross-sectional or retrospective design were considered for the review. Data extraction was performed independently by 2 investigators.

RESULTS: Of 1993 potentially relevant articles identified, 3 articles met the inclusion criteria. The following risk factors were assessed for the development of acute PTH: age, sex, type of injury, loss of consciousness, previous TBIs, history of primary headache disorders, history of chronic pain condition other than headache, current treatment for depression/anxiety, attention or learning disorders, body mass index, and other diseases (not further specified). None of the included studies assessed risk factors for the development of persistent PTH.

CONCLUSIONS: We found that there is little evidence for any risk factors involved in the development of acute PTH, whereas no study had assessed risk factors for the development of persistent PTH. Further studies are warranted and should be powered to examine possible risk factors for the development of PTH. Rigorous methodology and standardized monitoring should be prioritized to support high-quality research and validate potential findings.

© 2020 American Headache Society.

Language: en

Keywords

International Classification of Headache Disorders; concussion; head trauma; post-traumatic headache; risk factors