Citation

Smith-Han K, Collins E, Asil M, Blakey AG, Anderson L, Berryman E, Wilkinson TJ. Med. Teach. 2020; ePub(ePub): ePub.

Affiliation

Dean's Department and Department of Medicine, Otago Medical School, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2020, Informa - Taylor and Francis Group)

DOI

10.1080/0142159X.2020.1746249

PMID

32286111

Abstract

Background: Instruments that measure exposure to bullying and harassment of students learning in a clinical workplace environment (CWE) that contain validity evidence are scarce. The aim of this study was to develop such a measure and provide some validity evidence for its use.Method: We took an instrument for detecting bullying of employees in the workplace, called the Negative Acts Questionnaire - Revised (NAQ-R). Items on the NAQ-R were adapted to align with our context of health professional students learning in a CWE and added two new factors of sexual and ethnic harassment. This new instrument, named the Clinical Workplace Learning NAQ-R, was distributed to 540 medical and nursing undergraduate students and we undertook a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to investigate its construct validity and factorial structure.Results: The results provided support for the construct validity and factorial structure of the new scale comprising five factors: workplace learning-related bullying (WLRB), person-related bullying (PRB), physically intimidating bullying (PIB), sexual harassment (SH), and ethnic harassment (EH). The reliability estimates for all factors ranged from 0.79 to 0.94.Conclusion: This study provides a tool to measure the exposure to bullying and harassment in health professional students learning in a CWE.

Language: en

Keywords

Education environment; undergraduate; work-based