Citation

Rehman Z, Lopes B, Jaspal R. Int. J. Soc. Psychiatry 2020; ePub(ePub): ePub.

Affiliation

School of Social Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2020, SAGE Publishing)

DOI

10.1177/0020764020908889

PMID

32122180

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Poor mental health is prevalent in lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) people due in part to social stigma. The social, psychological and clinical risk factors for self-harm among LGB people are unclear, which limits our ability to predict when and how this will occur and, crucially, how to prevent it. AIMS: Drawing on the cognitive-behavioral approach in clinical psychology, this study identifies the predictors of self-harm in LGB people in the United Kingdom.

RESULTS: Women, lesbians, those with lower income and younger people were more likely to engage in self-harm. Self-harmers exhibited much more discrimination, LGB victimization and, thus, internalized homophobia and depressive symptomatology than non-self-harmers. The structural equation model showed direct effects of age and gender, and indirect effects of income and sexual orientation, on self-harm, through the mediating variables of discrimination, LGB victimization and internalized homophobia.

CONCLUSIONS: Consistent with the cognitive-behavioral model, the results indicate that exposure to situational stressors can increase the risk of developing a self-hatred and depressive psychological self-schema, resulting in greater risk of self-harm as a maladaptive coping strategy. An integrative clinical intervention for enhancing psychological wellbeing in LGB people is proposed to mitigate the risk of self-harm in this population.

Language: en

Keywords

Self-harm; bisexual; discrimination; gay; internalized homophobia; lesbian; victimization