Citation

Santos PP, Pereira S, Zêzere JL, Tavares AO, Reis E, Garcia RAC, Oliveira SC. J. Environ. Manage. 2020; 260: e110127.

Affiliation

Centre for Geographical Studies of the Institute of Geography and Spatial Planning, Universidade de Lisboa (CEG-IGOT-ULisboa), Edifício IGOT, Rua Branca Edmée Marques, Cidade Universitária, 1600-276, Lisboa, Portugal. Electronic address: cruzdeoliveira@campus.ul.pt.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2020, Elsevier Publishing)

DOI

10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110127

PMID

32090826

Abstract

During the period 1998-2017, floods were responsible for 11% of the loss of life and 23% of the economic loss caused by climate-related and geophysical-related disasters worldwide. An integrated and effective definition of flood risk management strategies therefore still requires synthesized and comprehensive knowledge about the driving forces of flood risk. In this study, 278 Portuguese municipalities are analyzed and classified according to flood hazard, exposure, and vulnerability. After evaluating the three components that describe risk, an index of the flood risk is calculated and a cluster analysis is further performed to understand the role of the risk drivers (hazard, exposure, and vulnerability) in each municipality. The proposed approach therefore provides flood risk indexes on a municipal basis, which are built upon different sources of both cell-by-cell data and an aggregation of municipal-level data that has been statistically validated. Municipalities both in the NW part of the country and along the valleys of major rivers demonstrate a significant superimposition of high levels of exposure and hazard, while vulnerability presents a disperse pattern throughout the country. The results obtained using this approach should contribute to the diversification of flood risk management strategies. This is still lacking in the majority of the national-level flood risk governance processes, namely those strategies that focus on the contingency of daily activities and those aiming at a long-term reduction of the exposure, vulnerability, and hazard components that shape flood disasters.

Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Language: en

Keywords

Exposure; Flood risk; Hazard; Portuguese municipalities; Vulnerability