Citation

Reny D, Root S, Chreiman K, Browning R, Sims C. J. Surg. Res. 2019; ePub(ePub): ePub.

Affiliation

Division of Traumatology, University of Pennsylvania, Surgical Critical Care, and Emergency Surgery, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Electronic address: carrie.sims@uphs.upenn.edu.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2019, Elsevier Publishing)

DOI

10.1016/j.jss.2019.09.015

PMID

31757370

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Gun violence remains a staggering public health care crisis. Although viewing the victim's body is essential to the grieving process, this practice is not universally practiced in the trauma bay and may not be supported by nurses. This study investigates how trauma nurses perceive bereavement and the potential barriers to family viewing after death by gun violence.

METHODS: A survey designed to assess demographics, current practices, knowledge of policies, and personal beliefs regarding family viewing after violent crime was sent electronically to members of the Society of Trauma Nurses. Participants were asked to rank the importance of 14 viewing barriers. Descriptive analysis and perception of barriers between those who did and did not permit viewing were compared using Mann-Whitney tests. *P < 0.05 is considered significant.

RESULTS: Of the 212 participants, the majority were white, female nurses (86%), aged 30 to 60 y who worked in an urban or suburban setting (58% and 30%). Only 15% had a written hospital policy with the majority not knowing if the police (68%) or medical examiner (74%) had written policies. Despite lack of guidelines, viewings did routinely occur (68%), but only 37% permitted touching. Nurses who did not permit viewing were more likely to rank legal concerns and trauma bay environment as significant barriers.

CONCLUSIONS: Although family viewing after gun violence frequently occurs in the trauma bay, there are significant barriers that are compounded by lack of formal policies. Collaboration with police and medical examiners could mitigate these fears while promoting a safe and more family-centered experience.

Copyright © 2019. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Language: en

Keywords

Bereavement; Family viewing; Gun violence; Homicide