Citation

Mohi-Ud-Din R, Mir RH, Sawhney G, Dar MA, Masoodi MH, Bhat ZA. Curr. Drug Metab. 2019; ePub(ePub): ePub.

Affiliation

Pharmacognosy Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar 190006, Kashmir, India.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2019, Bentham Science Publishers)

DOI

10.2174/1389200220666191105121653

PMID

31702487

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Liver injury induced by drugs has become a basic reason for acute liver disease and therefore posed a potential regulatory and clinical challenge over the past few decades and has received greater attention. It also remains the most common cause of failure of drugs during clinical trials. In 50% of all acute liver failure cases, drug-induced hepatoxicity is the primary factor and 5% of all hospital admissions Methods: The various hepatotoxins which are used to induce hepatotoxicity in experimental animals include paracetamol, CCl4, isoniazid, thioacetamide, erythromycin, diclofenac, alcohol, etc. Among the various models used to induce hepatotoxicity in rats, every hepatotoxin causes toxicity by different mechanisms.

RESULTS: The drug-induced hepatotoxicity caused by paracetamol accounts for 39% of the cases and 13% hepatotoxicity is triggered by other hepatotoxic inducing agents.

CONCLUSION: Research carried out and the published papers revealed that the hepatotoxins like paracetamol and carbon-tetrachloride are widely used for experimental induction of hepatotoxicity in rats.

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Language: en

Keywords

Hepatotoxicity; cytochrome p450; hepatotoxins; lipopolysaccharide; liver damage; liver toxicity; xenobiotics