Citation

Paelecke-Habermann Y, Paelecke M, Mauth J, Tschisgale J, Lindenmeyer J, Kübler A. Addict. Behav. Rep. 2019; 9: e100178.

Affiliation

Institute of Psychology, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2019, Elsevier Publishing)

DOI

10.1016/j.abrep.2019.100178

PMID

31193786

PMCID

PMC6542748

Abstract

Chronic alcohol use leads to specific neurobiological alterations in the dopaminergic brain reward system, which probably are leading to a reward deficiency syndrome in alcohol dependence. The purpose of our study was to examine the effects of such hypothesized neurobiological alterations on the behavioral level, and more precisely on the implicit and explicit reward learning. Alcohol users were classified as dependent drinkers (using the DSM-IV criteria), binge drinkers (using criteria of the USA National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism) or low-risk drinkers (following recommendations of the Scientific board of trustees of the German Health Ministry). The final sample (n = 94) consisted of 36 low-risk alcohol users, 37 binge drinkers and 21 abstinent alcohol dependent patients. Participants were administered a probabilistic implicit reward learning task and an explicit reward- and punishment-based trial-and-error-learning task. Alcohol dependent patients showed a lower performance in implicit and explicit reward learning than low risk drinkers. Binge drinkers learned less than low-risk drinkers in the implicit learning task. The results support the assumption that binge drinking and alcohol dependence are related to a chronic reward deficit. Binge drinking accompanied by implicit reward learning deficits could increase the risk for the development of an alcohol dependence.

Language: en

Keywords

Alcohol dependence; Binge drinking; Implicit and explicit reward learning; Low risk alcohol use