Citation

Bilò MB, Martini M, Pravettoni V, Bignardi D, Bonadonna P, Cortellini G, Kosinska M, Macchia D, Mauro M, Meucci E, Nittner-Marszalska M, Patella V, Pio R, Quercia O, Reccardini F, Ridolo E, Rudenko M, Severino M. Allergy 2019; ePub(ePub): ePub.

Affiliation

Allergy Unit, Hospital S. Giovanni di Dio, Florence, Italy.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2019, John Wiley and Sons)

DOI

10.1111/all.13863

PMID

31074868

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Large local reaction to Hymenoptera stings is usually defined as a swelling >10 cm which lasts longer than 24h, sometimes associated with erythema, pruritus, and blisters. Currently, the risk of subsequent systemic reactions after re-stings is considered low (2-15%). Therefore, a diagnostic work-up in case of large local reaction is often judged unnecessary, as well as adrenaline auto-injector and venom immunotherapy prescription. The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate the outcome of re-stings in a real-world setting, in patients with a history of one previous large local reaction.

METHODS: We consecutively enrolled patients who experienced their first large local reaction (as per EAACI definition), treated with antihistamine and steroids. They were followed for field re-stings and assessed for risk of subsequent systemic reactions.

RESULTS: We enrolled 662 patients. Out of the 225 re-stung subjects, 24% did not experience reactions, 52% reported a second large local reaction, and 24% had systemic reactions. The risk of subsequent systemic reactions was higher in case of skin test reactivity to Apis mellifera or Vespula species (OR 2.1 and 3.8, respectively), in particular if positive at 0.001 μg/ml concentration (OR 13.4 and 16.5, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS: Systemic reactions after a previous large local reaction, occur more frequently than that reported by literature. After analysing the predictive role of large local reactions for systemic reactions, we demonstrated that an accurate diagnostic work-up may be considered, particularly skin tests. Further studies in different countries are needed to confirm these results and large local reaction management. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Language: en

Keywords

Hymenoptera; large local reaction; skin test; specific IgE; venom allergy