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Citation |
Yu B, Zhu XJ, Ding BM, Xiao P, Wang HF. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2018; 36(11): 863-867. |
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Affiliation |
The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210028, China. |
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Copyright |
(Copyright © 2018, Tianjin shi lao dong wei sheng yan jiu suo) |
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DOI |
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PMID |
30646657 |
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Abstract |
Objective: Analyze the detection rates of occupational contraindication and suspected occupational disease from the employee exposure to noise and describe the distribution characteristics. Methods: According to the Technical Specifications for Occupational Health Surveillance (GBZ 188-2014) 、Diagnosis of Occupational Noise-induced Deafness (GBZ 49-2014) and Guideline of Identification of Contraindication to Job Placement (GBZ/T 260-2014) , calculate and analyze the occupational contraindication and suspected occupational disease detection rates of 149 271 workers from January 1st to December 31st in 2015 who were exposed to noise. Analyze the detection rates distribution characteristics between different gender, age, seniority, industry and enterprise scale. Results: The detection rates of occupational contraindication is 2.08%. The suspected occupational disease detection rates of absences workers (2.13%) is higher than during (2.03%). The occupational contraindication detection rates of< age 20 (2.64%) , 41~50 years old (2.48%) and<1 working years (5.35%) , are higher than others. The detection rates of suspected occupational disease increases with the growth of ages and working years. The occupational contraindication detection rates of scientific research and technology services industry (10.46%) is the highest. The suspected occupational disease detection rates of transportation warehousing and postal services (5.88%) is the highest. The occupational contraindication detection rates of medium-sized enterprise (2.27%) is the highest, meanwhile, the microenterprise's (1.60%) is the lowest. The suspected occupational disease detection rates of large-scale enterprise (3.21%) is the highest, meanwhile, the microenterprise's (1.33%) is the lowest. Conclusion: Enterprise should insist on regular occupational health examination, strengthen screening of occupational contraindication in new workers, especially pre-job workers and detect the occupational disease patients early. Focus on non-traditional noise industries above mentioned, improve intensity of noise hazards prevention and control. The detection rates of occupational contraindication and suspected occupational disease can be used as a reference standard for the quality control of occupational examination and report of medical institutions. Language: zh 目的： 分析噪声作业工人疑似职业病和职业禁忌证的检出水平及其分布特征。 方法： 依据GBZ 188-2014《职业健康监护技术规范》、GBZ 49-2014《职业性噪声聋的诊断》和GBZ/T 260-2014《职业禁忌证界定导则》，收集江苏省2015年1月1日至2015年12月31日重点职业病监测的149 271名噪声作业工人职业健康检查个案资料，对检查结果进行判定，计算出职业禁忌证和疑似职业性噪声聋检出率，分析检出率在不同性别、年龄、工龄、行业、企业规模等的分布特点。 结果： 噪声作业工人职业禁忌证检出率为2.08%，疑似职业病检出率为2.03%。疑似职业性噪声聋检出率离岗时（2.13%）略高于在岗期间（2.03%）。职业禁忌证检出率在年龄≤20岁、41~50岁以及接触噪声工龄<1年组较高（分别为2.64%、2.48%、5.35%）；疑似职业性噪声聋检出率；随年龄、工龄增长而升高（均P<0.05）。职业禁忌证检出率最高的行业是科学研究和技术服务行业（10.46%）；疑似职业性噪声聋检出率最高的行业是交通运输、仓储和邮政业（5.88%）。职业禁忌证检出率最高的企业规模是中型企业（2.27%），最低的是微型企业（1.60%）；疑似职业性噪声聋检出率最高的企业规模是大型企业（3.21%），最低的是微型企业（1.33%）。 结论： 应按规范加强噪声作业工人上岗前职业禁忌证以及在岗期间、离岗时疑似噪声聋的筛检。提高对非传统噪声行业噪声危害防治的重视程度和防治力度。. Language: zh |
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Keywords |
Noise; Occupational contraindication; Suspected occupational noise induced drafness |