Citation

Bhatnagar S, Anderson M, Chu M, Kuo D, Azuh O. Phys. Med. Rehabil. Clin. N. Am. 2019; 30(1): 155-170.

Affiliation

Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tufts Medical Center, 800 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2019, Elsevier Publishing)

DOI

10.1016/j.pmr.2018.08.014

PMID

30470419

Abstract

Neurosensory deficits after traumatic brain injury can frequently lead to disability; therefore, diagnosis and treatment are important. Posttraumatic headaches typically resemble migraines and are managed similarly, but adjuvant physical therapy may be beneficial. Sleep-related issues are treated pharmacologically based on the specific sleep-related complaint. Fatigue is difficult to treat; cognitive behavioral therapy and aquatic therapy can be beneficial. Additionally, methylphenidate and modafinil have been used. Peripheral and central vestibular dysfunction causes dizziness and balance dysfunction, and the mainstay of treatment is vestibular physical therapy. Visual dysfunction incorporates numerous different diagnoses, which are frequently treated with specific rehabilitation programs.

Published by Elsevier Inc.

Language: en

Keywords

Auditory; Fatigue; Headache; Sleep; Traumatic brain injury; Vestibular; Vision