Citation

Navas G, Mingorria S, Aguilar-González B. Sustain. Sci. 2018; 13(3): 649-660.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2018, Holtzbrinck Springer Nature Publishing Group)

DOI

10.1007/s11625-018-0551-8

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

Although studies on environmental conflicts have engaged with the subject of violence, a multidimensional approach has been lacking. Using data from 95 environmental conflicts in Central America, we show how different forms of violence appear and overlap. We focus on direct, structural, cultural, slow, and ecological forms of violence.

RESULTS suggest that the common understanding of violence in environmental conflicts as a direct event in time and space is only the tip of the iceberg and that violence can reach not only environmental defenders, but also communities, nature, and the sustainability of their relations.

Language: en

Keywords

Central America; Environmental conflict; Environmental Justice Atlas (EJATLAS); Multidimensional violence; Resistance