Department of Pediatrics, Washington University St Louis, Campus Box 8116, 660 South Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110, United States. Electronic address: plax_k@wustl.edu.
OBJECTIVE: The most common source for misused opioids is pain relievers prescribed for family and friends. Our objective was to assess knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of adolescents' caregivers regarding prescribed opioids in the home.
METHODS: The self-administered survey was completed by caregivers in the waiting rooms of 12 pediatric practices in the mid-west. Eligibility required living in a home where youth ≥10 years old were frequently present. 700 of 793 (88.3%) eligible caregivers completed the survey, and 76.8% were the parent.
RESULTS: Of 700 caregivers, 34.6% reported opioids in their home (13.6% active prescription, 12.7% leftover medications, 8.3% both). Of those with an active prescription, 66.0% intended to keep any leftover medications for future need (for the patient 60.1%, someone else 5.9 %). Of those with leftover medications, 60.5% retained them for the same reason (for the patient 51.0%, someone else, 9.5%). Others kept medications unintentionally: they never got around to disposing of them (30.6%), did not know how (15.7%), or it never occurred to them (7.5%). Many caregivers were unaware that adolescents commonly misuse opioids (30.0%), use them to attempt suicide (52.3%), and that opioid use can lead to heroin addiction (38.6%). 7.1% would give leftover opioid medications to an adolescent to manage pain and 5.9% may do so.
CONCLUSION: Opioids are prevalent in homes in our community and many parents are unaware of the risks they pose. Study findings can inform strategies to educate parents about opioid risk and encourage and facilitate timely, safe disposal of unused medications.
Abbreviations: AAP, American Academy of Pediatrics; DEA, Drug Enforcement Agency; FDA, Federal Drug Administration; GED, General Education Diploma; IQR, Interquartile Range; NIH, National Institutes of Health; Opioids; PBRN, Practice-based research network; RA, Research Assistant; WU PAARC, Washington University Pediatric and Adolescent Ambulatory Research Consortium; practice-based research network; sd, Standard Deviation