Citation

Daskalakis NP, Provost AC, Hunter RG, Guffanti G. Biol. Psychiatry 2018; 83(10): 849-865.

Affiliation

McLean Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Belmont. Electronic address: gguffantimasetti@mclean.harvard.edu.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2018, Elsevier Publishing)

DOI

10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.01.009

PMID

29559087

Abstract

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a pathologic response to trauma that impacts ∼8% of the population and is highly comorbid with other disorders, such as traumatic brain injury. PTSD affects multiple biological systems throughout the body, including the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, cortical function, and the immune system, and while the study of the biological underpinnings of PTSD and related disorders are numerous, the roles of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are just emerging. Moreover, deep sequencing has revealed that ncRNAs represent most of the transcribed mammalian genome. Here, we present developing evidence that ncRNAs are involved in critical aspects of PTSD pathophysiology. In that regard, we summarize the roles of three classes of ncRNAs in PTSD and related disorders: microRNAs, long-noncoding RNAs, and retrotransposons. This review evaluates findings from both animal and human studies with a special focus on the role of ncRNAs in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis abnormalities and glucocorticoid dysfunction in PTSD and traumatic brain injury. We conclude that ncRNAs may prove to be useful biomarkers to facilitate personalized medicines for trauma-related brain disorders.

Copyright © 2018 Society of Biological Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Language: en

Keywords

Glucocorticoids; Long-noncoding RNA; MicroRNA; Noncoding RNA; PTSD; Retrotransposons; Stress; TBI