Citation

Li Z, Jennings AA. AIMS Public Health 2017; 4(4): 383-398.

Affiliation

Department of Civil Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2017, American Institute of Mathematical Sciences Press)

DOI

10.3934/publichealth.2017.4.383

PMID

29546224

PMCID

PMC5690461

Abstract

Worldwide jurisdictions are making efforts to regulate pesticide standard values in residential soil, drinking water, air, and agricultural commodity to lower the risk of pesticide impacts on human health. Because human may exposure to pesticides from many ways, such as ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact, it is important to examine pesticide standards by considering all major exposure pathways. Analysis of implied maximum dose limits for commonly historical and current used pesticides was adopted in this study to examine whether worldwide pesticide standard values are enough to prevent human health impact or not. Studies show that only U.S. has regulated pesticides standard in the air. Only 4% of the total number of implied maximum dose limits is based on three major exposures. For Chlorpyrifos, at least 77.5% of the total implied maximum dose limits are above the acceptable daily intake. It also shows that most jurisdictions haven't provided pesticide standards in all major exposures yet, and some of the standards are not good enough to protect human health.

Language: en

Keywords

acceptable daily intake; human exposure; human health risk; implied maximum dose limits; pesticide standard