Citation

Reknes I, Harris A, Einarsen S. Occup. Med. 2018; 68(1): 64-66.

Affiliation

Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2018, Oxford University Press)

DOI

10.1093/occmed/kqx183

PMID

29304215

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Workplace bullying has consistently been found to predict mental health problems among those affected. However, less attention has been given to personal dispositions as possible moderators in this relationship. AIMS: To investigate the moderating role of individual hardiness in the relationship between exposure to bullying behaviours and symptoms of anxiety and depression, respectively, assuming that high hardiness, being an individual stress resilience factor, acts as a buffer in these relationships.

METHODS: Survey data were gathered in 2016-17, among land-based employees in a Norwegian oil and gas company. Participants completed a questionnaire electronically via a link sent to their work e-mail. The PROCESS macro SPSS supplement was used to analyse the proposed relationships, with mean-centred variables.

RESULTS: Altogether, 275 participated in the study (46% response rate). High hardiness acted as a buffer in the bullying-anxiety relationship, in that hardy individuals did not experience increased levels of anxiety when facing bullying behaviours. Low levels of hardiness, on the other hand, acted as an enhancement factor, in that the bullying-anxiety relationship was strengthened for this group. Contrary to expectations, hardiness did not act as a buffer in the bullying-depression relationship.

CONCLUSIONS: Hardy individuals were less likely to report anxiety in response to bullying than non-hardy workers, a finding with important practical implications. Yet, regardless of who is affected, managers should focus on good strategies to intervene when bullying is detected, and stress resilience training should be considered as part of these strategies.

Language: en

Keywords

Hardiness; stress resilience; symptoms of anxiety; symptoms of depression; workplace bullying