Citation

Schwenk M. Toxicol. Lett. 2018; 293: 253-263.

Affiliation

Formerly: Medical School Hannover. Present address: In den Kreuzäckern 16/1, 72072 Tübingen, Germany. Electronic address: mike.schwenk@gmx.net.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2018, Elsevier Publishing)

DOI

10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.11.040

PMID

29197625

Abstract

Synthetic toxic chemicals (toxicants) and biological poisons (toxins) have been developed as chemical warfare agents in the last century. At the time of their initial consideration as chemical weapon, only restricted knowledge existed about their mechanisms of action. There exist two different types of acute toxic action: nonspecific cytotoxic mechanisms with multiple chemo-biological interactions versus specific mechanisms that tend to have just a single or a few target biomolecules. TRPV1- and TRPA-receptors are often involved as chemosensors that induce neurogenic inflammation. The present work briefly surveys classes and toxicologically relevant features of chemical warfare agents and describes mechanisms of toxic action.

Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Language: en

Keywords

Chemical warfare agent; Chemical weapon; Neurogenic inflammation; TRP; Toxic