Citation

Calvert SL, Tan SL. J. Appl. Dev. Psychol. 1994; 15(1): 125-139.

Copyright

(Copyright © 1994, Elsevier Publishing)

DOI

unavailable

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to compare the impact of playing versus observing a violent virtual reality game on young adults' arousal levels, feelings of hostility, and aggressive thoughts. Physiological arousal and aggressive thoughts, but not hostile feelings, were higher for participants than for observers of the virtual reality game. Results suggest that technologies varying from observational to participatory modes of interaction can have differing physiological and cognitive consequences.