Citation

Cervellin G, Comelli I, Rastelli G, Sanchis-Gomar F, Negri F, De Luca C, Lippi G. Hum. Exp. Toxicol. 2018; 37(7): 697-703.

Affiliation

Section of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2018, SAGE Publishing)

DOI

10.1177/0960327117730882

PMID

28905663

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Limited information exists about epidemiology and management of mushroom poisoning. We analyzed and described epidemiology, clinical presentation, and clinical course of mushroom-poisoned patients admitted to emergency departments (EDs) of the Province of Parma, Italy.

METHODS: Data from the database of mycological service were matched with clinical information retrieved from hospitals' database, from January 1, 1996 to December 31, 2016.

RESULTS: Mycologist consultation was obtained in 379/443 identified mushroom poisonings. A remarkable seasonality was found, with significant peak in autumn. Thanks to the collaboration, the implicated species could be identified in 397 cases (89.6%); 108 cases (24.4%) were due to edible mushrooms, Boletus edulis being the most represented (63 cases). Overall, 408 (92%) cases presented with gastrointestinal toxicity. Twenty cases of amatoxin poisoning were recorded (11 Amanita phalloides and 9 Lepiota brunneoincarnata). One liver transplantation was needed. We observed 13 cases of cholinergic toxicity and 2 cases of hallucinogenic toxicity. Finally, 46 cases were due to "mixed" toxicities, and a total of 69 needed hospitalization.

CONCLUSIONS: Early identification and management of potentially life-threatening cases is challenging in the ED, so that a mycologist service on call is highly advisable, especially during periods characterized by the highest incidence of poisoning.

Language: en

Keywords

Mushroom; amatoxin; emergency department; mushroom poisoning; mushroom toxicity; mycetismus; mycologist